引言抗菌素是微生物产生的物质,以极小的浓度就能抑制其它微生物的生长或使其死亡。它们是由细菌、真菌、特别是放线菌产生的。1928年,Fleming氏发现了青霉素并成功地用于治疗人类细菌性疾病,从而导致人们为生产抗菌素而大量筛选土壤微生物。 Introduction Antimicrobials are substances produced by microorganisms that inhibit the growth or kill of other microorganisms in very small concentrations. They are produced by bacteria, fungi, especially actinomycetes. In 1928, Fleming discovered penicillin and successfully used it to treat human bacterial diseases, leading to the mass screening of soil microorganisms for the production of antibiotics.