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中国古代朴素的生态经济观提倡“天人合一”的系纯思想，应用于农业上，则以精耕细作、综合经营为特征，通过物质循环利用，保护农业自然资源和生物多样性，因地、因时、因物制宜地发展农业生产，有力地促进了中国农业长达四千年的漫长演进历程，保证了中华民族的生存与发展。本文对中国古代的生态经济思想及其在农业上的应用范例进行了剖析，并据此提出了中国当代农业在继承传统的基础上进一步发展的途径。
In ancient China, the simple eco-economy advocated the pure thought of “harmony between man and nature”, applied to agriculture, characterized by intensive cultivation and comprehensive management. Through the material recycling and utilization, natural resources and biodiversity of agriculture were protected, As a result, developing agricultural production in conformity with the actual conditions has effectively promoted the long course of evolution of agriculture in China for four thousand years and ensured the survival and development of the Chinese nation. This paper analyzes the ancient Chinese eco-economic thought and its application in agriculture, and proposes the ways for further development of contemporary Chinese agriculture on the basis of inheritance.