干旱对于森林健康及人工生产林的建立均是一种严重威胁。因此,人们对于林木对干旱胁迫的应答机制一直怀有极大的兴趣。本文综述一般植物,特别是林木对于水分亏缺的感受及响应模式,并着重介绍林木对干旱刺激的分子应答机制,尤其是胁迫所引发的整个基因组范围内转录本丰度及蛋白质表达谱的改变。纵观林木此方面的研究历程可以看出,人们对于干旱分子应答的认识已由单个应答基因的分离鉴定逐渐深入到了对协同参与和调控应答反应的一系列相关基因或蛋白质的分析探讨。此外,本文也关注到了如何有效地利用这些研究成果才能最终达到保护森林健康和提高人工林生产力的目的。我们的综合分析结果显示,作为一种新的研究工具和手段,林木干旱应答的全基因组分析可有效地用于其适应性变异的保持及新品种的选育和基因型的定向修饰,从而使其能更好地应对未来可能的干旱胁迫。 Drought is a serious threat to the establishment of forest health and artificially produced forests. Therefore, people have great interest in response mechanism of drought stress to trees. This article reviews the general plant species, especially the response of forest trees to water deficits, and highlights the molecular response mechanism of forest trees to drought stress. In particular, the transcriptional abundance and protein expression profiles of the whole genome triggered by stress are reviewed . Looking at the research process of forest trees, we can see that people’s understanding of the response of arid molecules has been gradually explored from a single response gene to a series of related genes or proteins that are involved in the coordination and regulation of response. In addition, this article also focuses on how to effectively use these findings in order to ultimately achieve the goal of protecting the health of forests and increasing the productivity of plantation forests. Our comprehensive analysis showed that, as a new research tool and means, genome-wide analysis of drought response in forest can be effectively used to maintain its adaptive mutation and breeding of new varieties and directional modification of genotype, It is better able to cope with possible future drought stress.