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目的 :综合分析正常老年人嗓音变化的特征。方法 :以喉声图仪采集、分析 146例正常老年人嗓音声样。结果 :老年人嗓音基频下降 ,80岁以上男性基频升高。老年期共振峰低频谐波规则 ,声能强 ,男女声之间差异减少。老年男性谐噪比随增龄有下降趋势 ,而振幅微扰商则升高。老年女性以上参数变化不明显。结论 :老年期嗓音变化属老年人正常生理变化。通过喉声图仪测得其嗓音参数的变化 ,可作为正常老年期嗓音的客观指标 ,以鉴别病理嗓音。这些变化说明老年人发音功能有一定程度的衰退 ,应适当加以维护及加强发音训练。
Objective: To comprehensively analyze the characteristics of voice changes in normal elderly. Methods: The phonograph was collected and analyzed 146 voice samples of normal elderly voice. Results: The basic frequency of the elderly decreased, and the basic frequency of men over the age of 80 increased. Low-frequency harmonic resonance of the elderly rules, strong sound, male and female voices to reduce the difference between. The old man’s harmonic ratio decreased with increasing age, while the amplitude perturbation increased. Elderly women changes in the above parameters is not obvious. Conclusion: The changes of senile voice is a normal physiological changes in the elderly. The changes of the voice parameters measured by the laryngogram instrument can be used as objective indicators of normal senile voice to identify the pathological voice. These changes indicate that the elderly pronunciation function has a certain degree of decline, and should be properly maintained and strengthen pronunciation training.