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目的了解泉州市丰泽区乙型病毒性肝炎的发病特征,为制定防控乙肝策略提供科学依据。方法收集丰泽区2006~2013年的乙肝发病资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析。结果 2006~2013年乙肝的年平均发病率为100.90/10万,除2008年乙肝发病率有回落外,乙肝发病率总体呈现先上升后下降的趋势;以20~49岁发病率较高,为185.24/10万,发病数占74.96%(2 638/3 519),15岁以下儿童发病率最低,为11.27/10万,占1.28%(45/3 519)。2010~2013年发病率较2006~2009年下降44.69%。男性发病2 447例,发病率为181.80/10万;女性发病1 072例,发病率为87.18/10万,男女性别比为2.28∶1。发病职业分布前3位为工人(505例、占14.35%)、学生(323例、占9.18%)和商业服务(304例、占8.64%)。结论乙肝疫苗计划免疫取得一定成效,但乙肝防控任务仍然艰巨,应采取继续以免疫接种为主,并加强卫生宣教,提高乙肝诊断报告质量等策略降低全人群乙肝发病率。
Objective To understand the incidence of hepatitis B in Fengze District of Quanzhou and provide a scientific basis for the development of strategies to prevent and control hepatitis B. Methods Data of hepatitis B in Fengze District from 2006 to 2013 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results The annual average incidence of hepatitis B was 100.90 / 100 000 between 2006 and 2013. The incidence of hepatitis B showed an overall upward trend first and then decreased after 2008 except for the incidence of hepatitis B. The incidence of hepatitis B was higher 185.24 / 100 000, the number of cases accounted for 74.96% (2 638/3 519), the lowest incidence of children under 15 years old, 11.27 / 100,000, accounting for 1.28% (45/3 519). The incidence in 2010-2013 decreased by 44.69% from 2006 to 2009. There were 2 447 cases of males and the incidence was 181.80 / 100 000; the incidence of females was 1 072 cases, the incidence rate was 87.18 / 100 000, the male-female ratio was 2.28:1. The top 3 occupations were workers (505, accounting for 14.35%), students (323, accounting for 9.18%) and commercial services (304, accounting for 8.64%). Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccine has achieved some results in planned immunization. However, the task of hepatitis B prevention and control is still arduous. Immunization should be taken as the mainstay, health education should be strengthened, and the quality of hepatitis B diagnosis should be improved to reduce the incidence of hepatitis B in the entire population.