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以紧凑型玉米郑单958、半紧凑型玉米东单60和平展型玉米长玉13为试验材料,分别在重庆海拔220、530、1 300 m地区种植,测定玉米叶片、茎秆、叶鞘以及果穗干重的动态积累,研究不同株型玉米在不同海拔高度地区生物学干重的形成规律,并结合产量进行差异分析。结果表明,3种株型玉米的叶片干重均表现为高海拔地区持续上升至峰值,而在中海拔和低海拔地区均先上升后下降,各时期变化总趋势为中海拔地区>低海拔地区>高海拔地区;玉米茎秆和叶鞘干重的动态变化趋势基本一致,郑单958干重受海拔的影响较小,东单60干重达最大值的时期各不相同,长玉13在散粉期或灌浆期达最大值;果穗干重随生育时期推移呈直线上升至最大值,且随海拔高度的升高而增加;子粒产量随海拔升高而增加,但平展型玉米以中海拔地区最高。因此,应重视玉米育种和生产上海拔高度对玉米生物学干重的调控作用。
The compact maize Zhengdan 958, semi-compact maize Dongdan 60 and flat maize Changyu 13 were planted in the areas of 220, 530 and 300 m above sea level in Chongqing respectively. The leaf, stem, leaf sheath and stem of maize Heavy dynamic accumulation of different types of maize in different altitudes of the formation of biological dry weight, combined with the yield of the difference analysis. The results showed that the leaf dry weights of three plant types of maize all showed the highest level in the high altitude and the highest level in the middle altitude and the low altitude, > High altitude; the trend of dynamic changes of dry weight of stems and leaf sheaths of corn is basically the same, the dry weight of Zhengdan 958 is less affected by the altitude, the dry weight of Dongdan 60 reaches the maximum, Or filling stage reached the maximum. The dry weight of ears increased linearly to maximum with the increasing of the growing period, and increased with the altitude increasing. The grain yield increased with elevation, but the spreading type maize was the highest in mid-elevation area. Therefore, attention should be paid to the regulation of maize biological dry weight at the altitude of maize breeding and production.