本文就我所1978—1985年施行的距肛缘4～8cm的直肠癌保留自然肛门手术73例进行了分析。介绍选用的三种术式及选择原则。引用了国内外关于直肠癌淋巴转移病理学研究材料印证低位直肠癌保留肛门手术的可行性。与同期施行的Milts术进行比较。说明两术类式生存率无显著差异。而本术式生活质量更为优良而易于为受术者所接受。 This article analyzes 73 cases of rectal cancer with natural anal surgery which was performed from 1978 to 1985 in the rectum from 4-8 cm. Introduce the three surgical methods and selection principles. Reference to the domestic and foreign studies on lymph node metastasis pathology of rectal cancer confirmed the feasibility of low rectal cancer retention anus surgery. Comparing with the Milts surgery performed in the same period. There was no significant difference in survival rates between the two types of surgery. The quality of life of this surgical style is more excellent and is easily accepted by the subject.