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目的探析宫内节育器临床效果影响因素。方法选取1221例需求放置宫内节育器的健康经产育龄妇女为研究对象,随机放置三种宫内节育器,统计置器1年内不良反应发生率,并分析其影响因素。结果 1221例育龄妇女中,142例出现不良反应,不良反应发生率为11.63%,主要集中在术后3个月内,以月经异常中的月经量明显增多为主。其中不良反应发生年龄集中在20~29岁(11.27%);节育器类型以TCu220C宫内节育器多发(9.86%);子宫位置以后屈位多发(34.51%);放置时间以哺乳期不良反应发生率较高(13.38%);重度劳动强度不良反应发生率高(11.27%);术后休息时间<3 d的不良反应发生率较高(9.15%),放置次数>1次的不良反应发生率较高(11.27%),术后同房时间<15 d的不良反应发生率较高(32.39%)。多因素分析显示患者年龄、宫内节育器形状、术后劳动强度、放置时间以及子宫位置为宫内节育器放置妇女不良反应的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论宫内节育器临床效果影响因素较多,主要是服务对象的年龄、子宫位置、术后劳动强度、置器时间等。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of clinical efficacy of IUD. Methods A total of 1221 healthy women of childbearing age who needed IUD placement were selected as study objects. Three kinds of IUDs were randomly placed in this study. The incidence of ADRs within one year was calculated and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results Among the 1221 women of childbearing age, 142 patients had adverse reactions and the incidence of adverse reactions was 11.63%. The patients mainly concentrated in 3 months after operation, and the menstrual flow increased significantly in menstruation. Among them, the incidence of adverse reactions was concentrated in the range of 20-29 years (11.27%). The types of IUD were multiple (9.86%) with TCu220C intrauterine device, multiple flexion (34.51%) after uterine position, (13.38%), the incidence of adverse reactions with heavy labor intensity was high (11.27%), the incidence of adverse reactions was higher (9.15%) with fewer than 3 days of rest after operation, and the frequency of ADR was> 1 Higher (11.27%) had a higher rate of adverse reactions (32.39%) after 15 days of intercourse. Multivariate analysis showed that the main influencing factors of ADR were the patient’s age, IUD shape, postoperative labor intensity, placement time and uterine location (P <0.05). Conclusion The clinical effect of IUD is influenced by many factors, mainly including the age of the client, location of the uterus, postoperative labor intensity, placement time and so on.