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造成中国春运难题的表层原因是客流集中和铁路运力不足,深层原因是城乡二元结构、春节情结和情感慰藉需要。文章探索破解春运难题的方法,认为治标的方法是修造铁路、错峰分流与构建立体运输网,治本的方法是反省亲、消除城乡二元结构和平衡地区间的经济发展;并论述了提价不能解决春运难题的理由,提出解决春运难题应坚持的三个原则。
The surface causes of the problems in China’s spring transport are the concentration of passenger flow and the lack of railway transport capacity. The underlying reasons are the dual structure of urban and rural areas, the complex of the Spring Festival and the need for emotional comfort. The article explores ways to solve the difficult problem of the Spring Festival transportation. It thinks that the method to solve this problem is to build the railroad, divide the peak and build a three-dimensional transportation network. The remedy is to check the pro-pro and eliminate the urban-rural dual structure and to balance the economic development in the region. Can not solve the reasons for the spring transport difficulties, put forward to solve the spring transport problems should adhere to the three principles.