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儿童孤独症(CA)是一种难治性疾病。本文综述其脑影像学显像特点。脑血流灌注显像示CA患儿左侧(或双侧)额叶前部、左侧Broca区和左侧Wernicke区局部脑血流灌注和功能异常;葡萄糖代谢显像示额叶、颞叶及丘脑等局部脑葡萄糖代谢率(LCMRGlu)减低;多巴胺转运体(DAT)显像示CA患儿脑内DAT水平高于对照组,但两者分布无差异;5-羟色胺转运体(SERT)显像示SERT再摄取能力在大脑内侧额叶皮质下降;5-HT2受体显像提示,5-HT2受体密度减低。CA患儿脑内5-HT合成能力减低;fMRI示CA患儿皮层-边缘系统神经通路异常,脑内多个部位白质纤维的完整性受到破坏,脑内NAA浓度减低、NAA/Cr比值降低等。
Children with autism (CA) is a refractory disease. This review summarizes the features of brain imaging studies. Cerebral perfusion imaging showed regional cerebral blood flow perfusion and dysfunction in frontal lobe of left (or both sides), left Broca area and left Wernicke area in CA children. Glucose metabolism imaging showed frontal lobe, temporal lobe (LCMRGlu) in thalamus and thalamus. The dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging showed that the brain DAT level in CA patients was higher than that in control group, but there was no difference between the two groups. The levels of serotonin transporter (SERT) Like SERT reuptake capacity in the medial frontal cortex decreased; 5-HT2 receptor imaging prompted 5-HT2 receptor density decreased. FMRI showed abnormalities of cortical-limbic system neural pathway in children with CA, destruction of the integrity of white matter fibers in multiple parts of the brain, reduction of brain NAA concentration, reduction of NAA / Cr ratio, etc. .