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通过试验测试了任意形状钻头切削刃的轴向力和扭矩 ,为钻头受力预测提供了一套完整的研究方法。试验中 ,将测力传感器固定在数控机床上 ,预先钻一小孔的工件固定在传感器上 ,用夹具把钻头固定在数控机床夹头上 ,工件和传感器不动 ,钻头以某一转速和进尺钻孔 ,钻头受到的轴向力和扭矩通过计算机采集系统反映。试验共测试了 8种编号的钻头。测试结果表明 ,钻头主切削刃和横刃轴向力分别占总轴向力的 1 5 5%～ 2 3 0 %和 77 0 %～ 84 5%,主切削刃和横刃的扭矩分别占总扭矩的 83 4 %～ 90 5%和 9 5%～ 1 6 6%,说明钻头轴向力主要由横刃承担 ,而扭矩主要由主切削刃承担。测试结果为钻头受力的合理分配及结构优化设计提供了依据。
The axial force and torque of cutting edge of arbitrary shape were tested by experiment, which provided a complete research method for the force prediction of drill bit. In the experiment, the load cell is fixed on the CNC machine. The workpiece pre-drilled with a small hole is fixed on the sensor. The jig is used to fix the drill bit to the chuck of the CNC machine tool. The workpiece and the sensor are not moved. The drill is rotated at a certain speed and footage Drilling, axial forces and torques borne by the computer acquisition system. Tested a total of 8 kinds of drill bits. The test results show that the axial forces of the main cutting edge and the chisel of the drill bit account for 15 5% -2 230% and 77 0% ~ 84 5% of the total axial force, respectively, and the torques of the main cutting edge and the chisel edge respectively account for 83 4% ~ 90 5% and 95% ~ 166% of the torque, indicating that the axial force of the drill bit is mainly borne by the chisel edge, while the torque is mainly borne by the main cutting edge. The test results provide the basis for the rational distribution of drill bit stress and the optimal design of the structure.