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一般说来,轻型车用柴油机与汽油机相比,主要优点是经济性好、寿命长,缺点是性能较差、烟度和噪声较高,其售价也较高。近年来,这种观念随着柴油机性能的重大改进和噪声与排放的下降而有所变更。 1 燃烧方式目前的车用柴油机大体上有非直喷和直喷两种基本燃烧方式,也即有预燃室、涡流室和多喷注、单喷注等方式(图1)。在混合气的形成方面它们存在许多差别。在非直喷的涡流室式和直喷的单喷注方式中,燃油或多或少切向喷在燃烧室壁上,所以,被称为湿壁式或油膜燃烧方式。这种方式的特点
In general, the main advantage of light-duty diesel engines compared with gasoline engines is their good economy and long service life, with the disadvantages of poor performance, high smoke and noise, and high selling prices. In recent years, this notion has changed with the significant improvements in diesel engine performance and the decline in noise and emissions. 1 combustion mode The current vehicle diesel engine generally non-direct injection and direct injection of two basic combustion, that pre-combustion chamber, vortex chamber and more injection, single injection and other means (Figure 1). There are many differences in the formation of gas mixtures. In non-direct-injection turbo-chamber and direct-injection single injection systems, fuel is sprayed more or less tangentially to the combustion chamber walls and therefore is referred to as wet wall or oil film combustion. The characteristics of this way