女性外阴的整形美容早已不是个羞于启齿的话题，随着女性对身体各部位的要求越来越高，此类手术无疑已成为整形外科发展最为迅猛的领域。常见的女性外阴整形美容手术包括阴道再造、外阴器官或组织的修复重建和外阴年轻化的治疗，根据整形外科原则，利用各种矫治组织过多、组织缺损和组织移位的方法，达到功能和外观的恢复及美化。阴道再造的术式已趋于完善，各类方法的优缺点已十分清晰，除了组织工程化阴道外，并没有突破性的进展；随着穿支皮瓣技术的发展，外阴缺损的供区选择范围更广，且修复效果更佳；外阴年轻化手术存在大量的空白需要被填补，且这种优化并不局限于外科手术操作，诸如注射治疗和能量治疗等非手术技术也应用于这个领域。在形成行业繁荣的过程中凸显出一些问题，如：审美的多样性；科普宣传的滞后性；从业人员正规培训不足；缺乏对应的操作规范、行业指南和疗效评价标准等。纵观全行业，尽早建立行业标准，规范各种操作流程、对从业人员进行正规培训、加强科普宣传、传播正确的知识是当务之急。“,”Female genital plastic surgery is no longer a topic of shame, but rather a fast-growing area of plastic surgery with increasing demand for a variety of procedures that enhance the female body. Female genital plastic surgery includes not only vaginal reconstruction but also external genital reconstruction and rejuvenation. This field applies the core principles of plastic surgery to enhance, reduce, or refashion the various anatomical components of female genitalia, which ultimately improves aesthetics and restores function. The techniques behind vaginal reconstructive surgery have been solidified; the advantages and disadvantages for various surgical approaches are well known. Although major breakthroughs have been limited in recent years, some examples of innovation in vaginal reconstructive surgery include the application of tissue-engineering to support vaginal reconstruction, and development of perforator flap technology, which has increased the range of available donor sites for repair of external genital defects. By contrast, numerous technical gaps still exist in the practice of female genital rejuvenation. Other aspects of female genital rejuvenation outside of surgery are also in need of further development. Non-surgical techniques, such as injection therapy and laser therapy, are flooding into the field. As female genital plastic surgery expands, new challenges have surfaced, including: balancing patient demands against natural aesthetic diversity, lack of high-quality evidence to support practice, inadequate formal training of employees, and variation in operative practice, industry guidelines, and efficacy evaluation standards. Establishment of industry standards is an urgent concern. This process can help standardize operative techniques, provide formal training requirements for practitioners, disseminate successful surgical approaches, and promote evidence-based practice.