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采用FIASCO方法,从糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)菌株ACCC 50838分离简单重复序列分子标记(Simple sequence repeat,SSR),所得标记用于分析我国52个侧耳(平菇)栽培菌株多样性,对于SSR标记相同的菌株再进行ISSR PCR分析。结果表明:18个SSR标记在供试菌株中的等位基因的数量为3～12个,多态性指数(PIC)为0.34～0.84;除了2组(ACCC50618,ACCC 50866和ACCC 50915;ACCC 50249和ACCC50476)共5个菌株之外,其他47个菌株都能利用这18个SSR标记进行有效的鉴别。SSR标记相同的的菌株,其ISSR、体细胞不亲合性和出菇性状(温型、菌盖颜色)也相同,这些菌株可能是同物异名。利用这18个SSR标记分析52个菌株的遗传多样性,相似性指数为0.755～0.9995。根据相似性指数进行聚类分析,52个菌株分成两个大的类群,分别为糙皮侧耳(P.ostreatus)和肺形侧耳(P.pulmonarius)。结合这些栽培菌株的农艺性状和SSR分子标记的聚类分析结果,我国平菇栽培菌株的遗传多样性非常丰富。研究表明SSR分子标记技术在平菇遗传多样性和菌株鉴别中具有广泛的应用前景。
The simple sequence repeat (SSR) was isolated from the Pleurotus ostreatus strain ACCC 50838 by using the FIASCO method. The obtained markers were used to analyze the diversity of cultivated strains of Pleurotus ostreatus in 52 Pleurotus ostreatus strains. For the SSR markers The same strain was subjected to ISSR PCR analysis. The results showed that the number of alleles of 18 SSR markers in the tested strains ranged from 3 to 12, and the polymorphism index (PIC) ranged from 0.34 to 0.84. Except for 2 groups (ACCC50618, ACCC 50866 and ACCC 50915; ACCC 50249 And ACCC50476), all the other 47 strains could be effectively identified using these 18 SSR markers. SSR markers identical strain, ISSR, somatic incompatibility and fruiting traits (warm type, cap color) are also the same, these strains may be synonymous. The genetic diversity of 52 isolates was analyzed using these 18 SSR markers, and the similarity index was 0.755-0.9995. According to the clustering analysis based on similarity index, 52 strains were divided into two major groups, P. ostreatus and P. pulmonarius. Combined with the agronomic traits of these cultivated strains and the cluster analysis results of SSR molecular markers, the genetic diversity of mushroom cultivated in China is very rich. Studies have shown that SSR molecular markers in Pleurotus ostreatus genetic diversity and strain identification has a wide range of applications.