一、前言近年来,由于矿山、水利、公路、铁路建设的需要,重型自卸车的需要量日趋增加,尤其是露天矿山的大量开发,更需要大量高效率的运输工具。据统计,以露天矿山而论,运输成本占全采矿成本的40～60%,可见提高运输效率对降低采矿成本影响是很大的。汽车运输与 I. INTRODUCTION In recent years, due to the needs of the construction of mines, water conservancy, highways, and railways, the demand for heavy dump trucks has been increasing day by day. In particular, the large-scale development of open-pit mines requires a large number of highly efficient transportation vehicles. According to statistics, with regard to open-pit mines, transportation costs account for 40 to 60% of the total mining cost, which shows that the increase of transportation efficiency has a great impact on reducing mining costs. Car transportation and