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目的 探讨弥可保对兔坐骨神经嵌压伤的疗效。方法 将24只兔子，按手术先后顺序随机平分为3组；术后即刻治疗组，术后1周治疗组和对照组。用特制的气囊压迫装置，对兔坐骨神经进行急性压迫，压力为60 mmHg ( 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) 持续加压1 h后即刻解压。弥可保治疗组：术后即刻及术后1周，腹腔内注射弥可保(500 μg/kgd-1)，共3周。对照组用生理盐水(2 mld-1)腹腔内注射，共3周。分别于加压前和处死前行运动神经传导速度检测；术后4周各组取标本作病理形态学观察和计算机图像分析。计算各组的髓鞘数、髓鞘面积、髓鞘面积百分比和单个髓鞘的面积。结果 神经传导速度表明术后即刻治疗组优于术后1周治疗组和对照组，术后1周治疗组和对照组的差异无显著性意义。髓鞘数、髓鞘面积、髓鞘面积百分比和单个髓鞘的平均面积，术后即刻治疗组大于术后1周治疗组和对照组；但2个治疗组均大于对照组。结论 周围神经嵌压伤后早期应用弥可保，对神经脱髓鞘改变有明显的治疗作用；对神经再生具有积极的促进作用。“,”Objective To evaluate the treatment outcome of Methyl - B12 for sciatic nerve compression in rabbits. Methods 24 rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: instantaneous treatment group, with-one-week-delay treatment group, and control group. Custom-made air-pocket compression device was used to induce acute compression of rabbit sciatic nerve with a persistent pressure of 60 mmHg lasting for one hour. Intraperitoneal injection of Methy-B12 (500 μg/kg*d-1) was given to animals of the treatment groups for 3 weeks. Normal saline (2 ml*d-1) was injected intraperitoneally for 3 weeks in the control group. Motor nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve was measured before applying compression to the nerve and sacrificing the animal. Pathomorphological study and compute image analysis of the nerve samples were done. The number and area of myelin sheath, myelin sheath area percentage, and single myelin sheath area were measured. Results Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) of the instantaneous treatment group was significantly higher than that of with-one-week-delay treatment group and control group. No significant difference was found between MNCV of the latter two groups. The number and area of myelin sheath, myelin sheath area percentage, and single myelin sheath area were largest in instantaneous treatment group, followed by with-one-week-delay treatment group and control group. Conclusions Early application of Methyl - B12 in treatment of nerve compression exerts beneficial effect to prevent nerve demyelination and promote nerve regeneration.