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由于具有与大块固体相迥异的性能,贵金属纳米粒子的制备与应用已经成为当前纳米、材料技术领域研究的热点。由于组成成分较多、包含各种活性基团、序列可调,并且很多多肽可生物降解、生物兼容、具有生物活性和特异性识别性能,多肽在贵金属纳米粒子制备中的应用也越来越受到人们的重视。本文从多肽作为还原剂还原贵金属盐;多肽作为保护剂/调控剂制备不同尺寸/形貌的贵金属纳米粒子;多肽作为引导剂规则排列贵金属纳米粒子;多肽作为贵金属纳米粒子组装的模板以及多肽在贵金属表面的吸附、多肽的自组装和如何获取所需要的多肽序列等几个方面综述了近年来多肽在贵金属纳米粒子制备中的应用。最后简述了利用多肽制备的贵金属纳米粒子在纳米、材料技术领域中的应用,并提出了当前该领域中存在的一些不足及研究展望。
The preparation and application of noble metal nanoparticles have become hot topics in the field of nanotechnology and materials technology due to their very different properties from bulk solids. Due to its large composition, various active groups, adjustable sequences, and many peptides are biodegradable, biocompatible, bioactive and specific recognition properties, the application of polypeptides in the preparation of noble metal nanoparticles is also more and more People’s attention. Peptides are used as reductant to reduce precious metal salts. Peptides are used as protectants / regulators to prepare noble metal nanoparticles with different sizes and morphologies. Polypeptides are used as guiding agents to arrange noble metal nanoparticles. Peptides are used as template for the assembly of noble metal nanoparticles, Surface adsorption, self-assembly of peptides and how to obtain the desired polypeptide sequences, etc. In recent years, the applications of polypeptides in the preparation of noble metal nanoparticles were summarized. Finally, the application of the precious metal nanoparticles prepared by using peptides in the field of nanotechnology and materials technology is briefly introduced. Some shortcomings and research prospects in this field are also pointed out.