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洛克首次将财产权确定为一项基本人权,并通过自然法和自然理性来论证其合法性。这一论证模式意味着,财产权是一种天赋权利,它的合法性是不言自明的。与洛克不同,黑格尔从理性哲学的原则出发,将财产权看作是自由意志的一种定在形式,因而,财产权既是必要的又是合理的。而且,因为财产权只是最初的一种定在形式,所以它必定在更高的定在中被扬弃掉。关于财产权的这一理解,既肯定了财产权的合法性,又强调了这一合法性的限度。
For the first time, Locke identified property rights as a basic human right and demonstrated its legitimacy through natural law and natural reason. This model of argument means that property rights are a natural right and its legitimacy is self-evident. Unlike Locke, Hegel, starting from the principle of rational philosophy, regards the property right as a definite form of free will. Therefore, property rights are both necessary and reasonable. Moreover, since property rights are only the first form of fixation, it must be discarded at a higher level. This understanding of property rights not only affirms the legitimacy of property rights, but also emphasizes the limits of this legitimacy.