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目的:探索手机短信健康教育模式对提高肺结核患者结核病相关知识知晓率的意义,为该新模式的推广及相关政策和措施的制定提供科学依据。方法:通过分层整群抽样方法抽取安徽省6个县(区),并随机分为对照组和干预组,将两组发现并登记且符合研究条件的结核病患者均纳入研究。干预组采用手机短信方式对患者进行结核病相关核心知识宣教,对照组采用常规模式进行健康教育,通过问卷调查方法收集资料。结果:该次研究共纳入样本350例,其中干预组160例,对照组190例;男性270人,占77.1%,女性80人,占22.9%,平均年龄为(49.11±15.58)岁。在结核病严重程度方面的认知差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.072,P<0.05),更多的对照组患者认为结核病不严重;两组在肺结核传播途径、预防途径、肺结核可疑症状等方面差异具有统计学意义(χ2传播途径=11.26,P<0.05;χ2预防途径=21.62,P<0.05,χ2可疑症状=16.53,P<0.05);两组在儿童接种疫苗能否预防结核病知晓情况方面差异具有统计学意义(χ2=37.095,P<0.001);两组在是否歧视结核病患者及患结核病后是否影响工作方面差异具有统计学意义(χ2是否歧视=17.772,P<0.05;χ2是否影响工作=42.104,P<0.05)。结论:手机短信健康教育模式可有效提高患者对结核病相关知识的知晓率,对于提高患者治疗依从性、避免结核病患者遭受社会歧视具有重要意义,值得推广。
Objective: To explore the significance of health education mode of SMS in improving the awareness rate of tuberculosis-related knowledge in tuberculosis patients and to provide a scientific basis for the promotion of this new mode and the formulation of relevant policies and measures. Methods: Six counties (districts) in Anhui Province were selected by stratified cluster sampling method and randomly divided into control group and intervention group. Two groups of TB patients found and registered and meeting the research conditions were included in the study. The intervention group used SMS to educate patients about core knowledge related to tuberculosis, and the control group used routine mode to conduct health education and collected data through questionnaire survey. Results: A total of 350 samples were included in the study, 160 in the intervention group and 190 in the control group. There were 270 males (77.1%) and 80 females (22.9%) with an average age of (49.11 ± 15.58) years. There were significant differences in the severity of tuberculosis between the two groups (χ2 = 13.072, P <0.05). More patients in the control group considered tuberculosis not serious. The two groups were different in the route of transmission, prevention and suspicious symptoms of tuberculosis (Χ2 transmission = 11.26, P <0.05; χ2 prevention = 21.62, P <0.05, χ2 suspicious symptoms = 16.53, P <0.05); There was significant difference between the two groups in whether the vaccination of children could prevent the knowledge of tuberculosis (Χ2 = 37.095, P <0.001). The two groups had statistically significant differences in whether they discriminated against tuberculosis and tuberculosis or not (χ2 = 17.772, P <0.05; χ2 affected the work = 42.104, P <0.05). Conclusion: The health education mode of SMS can effectively improve the awareness of tuberculosis-related knowledge, which is of great significance to improve patient compliance and avoid social discrimination of tuberculosis patients.