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溯自古希腊时代先哲就对文艺的发生和本质提出了“神赐说”、“和谐说”、“灵感说”、“摹仿说”。从不同角度,不同层面进行了一定的理论概括。柏拉图继承了传统的文艺思想,结合其时代特点以及文艺发展面临的问题,以宏大的哲学思辩视野,从理论上做出了比较系统的回答。柏拉图以苏格拉底对话录形式撰写的古希腊历史上最早的完整而又自成体系的哲学著作是西方文艺理论产生的真正源头,也奠定了后世文艺理论的基础。英国哲学家波普尔说:
Since ancient times, the philosopher of ancient Greece put forward “the gift of God,” “harmony,” “inspiration,” and “imitation.” From different angles, different levels of a certain theoretical summary. Plato inherited the traditional literary thought, combined with the characteristics of the times and the problems faced by the development of literature and art, with a grand philosophical thinking field of vision, made a more systematic answer in theory. Plato’s earliest complete and self-contained philosophical works in the history of ancient Greece written in the form of Socratic Dialogue recorded the true source of Western literary theory and laid the foundation for future literary theories. British philosopher Popper said: