莼菜为我国特产蔬菜,又称蘑菜,马蹄草。属睡莲科,多年生宿根性湖沼草本植物。目前仅在长江下游的江、浙,沪一带少量栽培,只能供出口和少量内销。莼菜含有蛋白质,维生素以及多种氨基酸和醣类,有清热、利尿、消肿、解毒和防癌等功效。嫩梢和嫩叶外附透明胶质,做汤或烧豆腐食用,入口润滑、别有风味。莼菜是全国首批重点恢复发展的名特蔬菜。一、特征特性莼菜为水生蔬菜,以卷叶(嫩叶)和嫩茎供食用。地下茎白色,匍匐于水底泥中,地上茎分枝甚多、细长,随水位上涨而不断伸长。地上茎基部的节两侧簇生黑色细根,茎上部每节各生一叶,叶互生。叶片呈椭圆形、全缘、绿色、光滑,叶背绛红色。茎及叶背均附有透明 Bracken vegetables for our specialty vegetables, also known as mushrooms, horseshoe grass. Is a Nymphaeaceae, perennial rhizosphere lake herb. At present only a small amount of cultivation is carried out in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai and only for export and a small amount of domestic sales. Brasenia contains protein, vitamins and a variety of amino acids and carbohydrates, with heat, diuresis, swelling, detoxification and anti-cancer and other effects. Young shoots and leaves attached to the glial, soup or burning tofu consumption, entrance lubrication, do not have flavor. Ipomoea is the first batch of special vegetables to restore development. First, the characteristics of Bracken vegetables for the aquatic vegetables, with leafy (young leaves) and tender stems for food. Underground stem white, prostrate in the water mud, many stems on the ground, slender, with the water level and continue to grow. Ground stems on both sides of the base of the tufted black fine roots, the upper stem of each section of a leaf, leaves alternate. Leaves oval, entire, green, smooth, dark red leaves. Stems and leaves with a transparent back