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以原料番茄“里格尔87-5”为试验材料,设置正常灌水、轻度亏水和中度亏水3个水平,对水分亏缺条件下番茄果实膨大期光合作用日变化及光合速率对光强度的响应进行研究,以对原料番茄光合能力进行探讨并模拟适合亏水条件下光响应过程。结果表明:(1)轻度亏水条件下,番茄叶片气体交换特性与对照无显著差异,但中度亏水条件下净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率显著降低。(2)利用直角双曲线模型、非直角双曲线模型、指数函数模型和直角双曲线修正模型,对表观量子效率、最大净光合速率、暗呼吸速率、光饱和点、光补偿点进行模拟,4个模型对光响应曲线的拟合程度较高,但直角双曲线修正模型拟合结果与实测值最符合。(3)不同水分条件下的表观量子效率、最大净光合速率与光合速率日均值显著相关,而光合速率日均值与产量显著正相关;中度亏水造成光合速率日均值显著降低,最终影响了产量;轻度亏水下番茄能够维持正常光合作用,在不显著降低产量的同时实现节水目标。
With the raw material of tomato “Ringer 87-5 ” as test material, three levels of normal irrigation, mild water loss and moderate water deficit were set up. Under the condition of water deficit, the diurnal changes of photosynthesis and photosynthesis Speed response to light intensity to study the photosynthetic capacity of raw materials to explore and simulate the light response to water deficit conditions. The results showed that: (1) Under mild water deficit conditions, the gas exchange characteristics of tomato leaves were not significantly different from those of the control, but the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were significantly decreased under moderate water deficit conditions. (2) The apparent quantum efficiency, maximum net photosynthetic rate, dark respiration rate, light saturation point and light compensation point were simulated by rectangular hyperbolic model, non-rectangular hyperbola model, exponential function model and rectangular hyperbolic model. The four models fit the light response curves better, but the fitting results of rectangular hyperbolic correction model are in good agreement with the measured ones. (3) Apparent quantum efficiency, maximum net photosynthetic rate and daily average of photosynthetic rate under different water conditions were significantly correlated, but daily average of photosynthetic rate and output were significantly and positively correlated; medium daily water deficit caused a significant decrease of daily average of photosynthetic rate, the final impact Yields; tomato under mild water deficit maintenance of normal photosynthesis, without significant reduction in production while achieving water-saving goals.