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乙型肝炎是一种变异严重的炎症坏死性肝脏疾病 ,肝炎病毒对受感染的肝细胞并非直接损伤。通过对人和动物模型的大量研究认为 ,肝炎的发生是由于抗原特异性的抗病毒细胞免疫反应引起的。细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)反应决定HBV感染后的转归 ,在HBV感染期间 ,CTL反应可通过杀死感染的肝细胞清除细胞内的病毒感染 ;同时 ,肝内强烈的免疫应答可抑制病毒的表达和复制 ,若这一过程能消除超螺旋病毒基因组 ,那么就有可能清除HBV病毒而不杀死被感染的肝细胞 ;另外 ,由活化的淋巴单核细胞释放的一些炎症细胞因子也可不溶解被感染细胞而使细胞内的病毒失活 ,可能在清除一些感染细胞的病毒中期起重要作用。
Hepatitis B is a highly variant inflammatory necrotic liver disease that is not directly impaired by infected liver cells. Through a large number of studies on human and animal models, it is thought that the occurrence of hepatitis is caused by the antigen-specific anti-virus cellular immune response. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response determines the outcome after HBV infection. During HBV infection, CTL responses can eliminate viral infection in infected cells by killing the infected hepatocytes. In the meantime, a strong immune response in the liver inhibits the virus If this process eliminates the supercoiled virus genome then it is possible to clear the HBV virus without killing the infected hepatocytes; in addition, some of the inflammatory cytokines released by activated lymphomonocytes may or may not Dissolving the infected cells inactivating the virus in the cells may play an important role in eradicating some of the virus-infected cells.