论文部分内容阅读
目的:了解高原施工人群急性重型高原病患病率及群体影响因素。方法:用流行病学调查对3年期间8个施工单位27606人次,累积229例发病者进行统计,并将群体基础预防优良者8176人(A组)和预防不良者19430人(B组),海拔~3600m、~4600m、~5072m进行比较。结果:患病率(%):总人群0.83,其中高原肺水肿0.50,高原脑水肿0.28,两者并存者0.05,且在B组高于A组和随海拔梯度上升总患病率上升。A组0.32,B组1.04(x2=36.95,P<0.001);三个海拔人群依次为0.00,0.68及1.34(x2=21.90,P<0.001);个群最高4.82(首年)和2.26(次年),且均发生在最高海拔区。结论:急性重型高原病患病率仍不容乐观,主要影响因素为海拔高度和群体基础预防水平;加强劳动保护、卫勤保障、习服性登高及社会-心理适应促进可大幅度降低群体患病率,且是当前高原医学和社会支持需要解决的首要实践问题。
Objective: To understand the prevalence of acute severe high altitude sickness and its influencing factors in construction workers at plateau. Methods: According to the epidemiological survey, 27,606 people were recruited from 8 construction units during the three-year period, and the cumulative incidence of 229 cases was statistically analyzed. Among them, 8176 persons (group A) with excellent basic prevention and 19430 persons (group B) Altitude ~ 3600m, ~ 4600m, ~ 5072m for comparison. Results: The prevalence rate (%) was 0.83 in the total population, 0.50 in the plateau and 0.28 in the plateau. The coexistence of the two groups was 0.05. The prevalence in group B was higher than that in group A, and the overall prevalence rose with elevation. Group A was 0.32 and group B was 1.04 (x2 = 36.95, P <0.001). The three elevations were 0.00,0.68 and 1.34 (x2 = 21.90, P <0.001) Year), and all occurred in the highest altitude area. Conclusion: The prevalence of acute severe high altitude sickness is still not optimistic. The main influencing factors are the altitude and the level of population basic prevention. Strengthening labor protection, medical service support, habitual ascension and social-psychological adaptation can greatly reduce the prevalence Rate, and is the primary practical problem that needs to be solved in the current plateau medicine and social support.