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本文结合用真空加固软土地基的实际工程问题,通过固结模型分析了真空对软基的作用机理,明确了土体在负压作用下发生的排水—变形过程与在正压荷载作用下的固结过程是相似的,它们都是通过孔隙水应力的变化将外荷载传递给土骨架的过程;二者的区别在于孔隙水应力的初始条件及边界条件不同,因此也可以用固结理论分析计算。对单元体的分析解释了二维和三维问题中在正、负压力作用下地基变形过程的不同。在计算方法上,本文结合真空预压法的边界条件,和初始条件,编成求解比奥固结方程的有限单元法的计算机程序,并用于实际工程计算,结果与现场实测值相接近。
In this paper, the practical engineering problems of using vacuum to reinforce the soft soil foundation are analyzed. The mechanism of the effect of vacuum on the soft ground is analyzed through the consolidation model, and the drainage-deformation process under the negative pressure of the soil and the positive pressure load are clarified. The consolidation process is similar, they are all processes through which the external load is transmitted to the soil skeleton through the change of the pore water stress; the difference between the two is that the initial conditions and boundary conditions of the pore water stress are different, so it can also be analyzed by the consolidation theory. Calculations. The analysis of the element body explains the difference in the deformation process of the foundation under the positive and negative pressures in the two-dimensional and three-dimensional problems. In terms of calculation methods, this paper combines the boundary conditions of the vacuum preloading method and the initial conditions, and compiles a computer program for solving the finite element method of Biot’s consolidation equation, which is used in practical engineering calculations. The results are close to the measured values on site.