目的系统评价中药辅助抗菌药治疗小儿肠系膜淋巴结炎的疗效。方法检索1980-2016年中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数字化期刊全文库、中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、Pub Med、Medline数据库中关于中药辅助抗菌药治疗小儿肠系膜淋巴结炎的随机对照研究(RCT),依据纳入和排除标准筛选文献,采用Jadad评分进行评价,运用Rev Man 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入34篇临床RCT,3 504例患者。Meta分析结果显示试验组在有效率、治愈率、主要症状和体征缓解时间、肠系膜淋巴结恢复、复发率方面均优于对照组,两者差异具有统计学意义。结论中药辅助抗菌药物治疗小儿肠系膜淋巴结炎疗效优于单独使用抗菌药。 Objective To evaluate the curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine-assisted antimicrobial agents on children with mesenteric lymphadenitis. Methods A randomized controlled study on Chinese medicine-assisted antimicrobial agents for the treatment of children with mesenteric lymphadenitis from January to August in 1980-2016 was conducted in Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), Wanfang Digitization Journals Full-text Database, Chinese Science and Technology Journals Full-text Database (VIP), Pub Med and Medline Database (RCTs), screened literature based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, evaluated using the Jadad score, and Meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 34 RCTs were enrolled and 3 504 patients were included. The results of Meta analysis showed that the experimental group was superior to the control group in efficiency, cure rate, main symptoms and signs of remission, mesenteric lymph node recovery and recurrence rate, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion Chinese medicine assisted antimicrobial drug treatment of children with mesenteric lymphadenitis is superior to antibiotics alone.