武当武术是中华传统武术中的一个重要拳派。然而,在对于武当武术的历史形成问题上,自民国以来一直存在着两种截然不同的观点:第一种观点以唐豪先生为代表,他通过历史文献考证,认为后人所谓张三峰创立武当拳之云云,只是“层累地编造”与渲染而已;另一种观点则有陈微明、吴图南等,他们沿承某些史籍记载及传闻之说,言之凿凿地肯定张三峰所创拳派的“一脉相传”。改革开放以来,随着武术理论的发展,有关武当武术的历史形成再次引起研究者的关注,但遗憾的是,似乎并未在前人的基础上有所进展。毫无疑问,上述两种观点并其所依据的视域及方法,均存在或多或少的问题。本文采用历史学与文化学相结合的方法,对武当武术的历史脉络及形成原因作了简要梳理与分析,希冀裨益于武当武术研究的纵深发展。 Wudang martial arts is an important martial art in China. However, there are two completely different views on the historical formation of Wudang martial arts since the Republic of China. The first one is represented by Tang Hao. Through the textual research of historical documents, he believes that later generations called Zhang Sanfeng the founder of Wudang There is nothing more than “strenuous fabrication” and rendering; another point of view is Chen Weiming and Wu Tu-nan. Some of them inherit certain historical records and rumors that they certainly affirm that Zhang Sanfeng Create a boxing Since the reform and opening up, with the development of martial arts theory, the historical formation of Wudang martial arts once again aroused the concern of researchers, but unfortunately, it seems that there is no progress on the basis of the predecessors. There is no doubt that there are more or less problems with the above two kinds of views and the fields and methods by which they are based. Based on the combination of history and culture, this paper briefly sorts out and analyzes the historical context of Wudang martial arts and its causes, hoping to benefit the further development of Wudang martial arts research.