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统计了长大下坡路段交通事故的时空分布与车型分布,分析了试验路段道路条件与交通事故成因。采用断面观测法测定长大下坡路段小客车运行速度,建立了小客车运行速度预测模型。采用DHS-130XL红外观测仪测量车辆制动毂温度,建立了货车制动毂温度预测模型。对长大下坡定义进行了界定,确定了长大下坡路段合理平均纵坡指标值及对应坡长值,提出了长大下坡安全设计与评价程序。分析结果表明:在长大下坡路段,小客车与货车交通事故的主要原因分别是超速及刹车失灵;对小客车可采用运行速度作为安全评价指标,而对货车可采用坡长与制动毂温度;建议安全坡长、一般安全坡长、极限最大坡长对应的制动毂温度分别为200℃、220℃、260℃;采取安全改善措施后,试验路段交通事故减少42.3%,伤亡事故减少76.2%,改善措施有效。
The space-time distribution and model distribution of traffic accidents on long downhill road sections are analyzed. The road conditions in road sections and the causes of traffic accidents are analyzed. The cross-sectional observation method was used to measure the running speed of the minibus in the downhill section and the forecasting model was established. DHS-130XL infrared observer was used to measure the temperature of vehicle brake hub, and the temperature prediction model of truck brake hub was established. The definition of growing downhill was defined, the reasonable longitudinal average slope value and the corresponding slope length value were determined, and the safety design and evaluation procedure for growing up and downhill was proposed. The analysis results show that the main causes of traffic accidents between passenger cars and trucks are speeding up and brake failure when they grow up and downhill. For passenger cars, the running speed can be used as safety evaluation index, and the slope length and brake hub temperature ; Recommended safety slope length, the general safety slope length, the maximum limit of the corresponding maximum length of the brake hub temperature were 200 ℃, 220 ℃, 260 ℃; to take safety measures to improve the experimental section of road traffic accidents reduced by 42.3%, 76.2% reduction in casualties %, Improvement measures effective.