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长期以来,人们一直试图寻找一种具备滴汞电极的优越性而使用又很简便的电极来代替滴汞电极,都未能成功。1953年Gerischer初次应用悬汞电极研究电极过程,悬汞电极开始问世。十多年来,发展很快,发表的有关文献已有二百余篇。悬汞电极具有滴汞电极的优点,对于一支良好的悬汞电极,能得到重现性不次于滴汞电极的结果;且构造简单,使用方便。在悬汞电极上呈现的充电电流比在滴汞电极上小得多(通常小10倍),这是因为充电电流主要包括下式中所表示的两个部分:电极电位的改变与电极双电层电容的乘积和电极双电层电容的改变与其电位的乘积。
For a long time, people have been trying to find a mercury electrode with the advantages of using a very simple electrode instead of dropping mercury electrode, have failed. In 1953, Gerischer first applied the hanging mercury electrode to study the electrode process, hanging mercury electrode began to come out. For more than a decade, the development has been rapid with over 200 published articles. The hanging mercury electrode has the advantage of dropping the mercury electrode. For a good hanging mercury electrode, the result that the mercury dropping electrode is not inferior to the drop mercury electrode can be obtained; and the structure is simple and the use is convenient. The charging current on the hanging mercury electrode is much smaller (typically 10 times smaller) than on the drop mercury electrode because the charging current consists essentially of two parts represented by the following equation: The product of the layer capacitance and the change of the electric double layer capacitance of the electrode and its potential.