前言围产期保健是近十几年发展起来的一门新兴医学。它的任务,是保障母体胎儿及新生儿生命安全,促进优生和胎儿的正常发育成长,降低母子的死亡率及障碍儿的发生率,提高民族健康素质。围产期医学已超出产科儿科范畴,涉及到人类生殖、内分泌、遗传、免疫、生化、药理、麻醉等科学。国外很重视围产期保健,把围产期(围产儿)死亡率作为衡量一个国家或地区的经济状况,文化教育及医疗水平的标志之一。在我国 Introduction Perinatal care is a new medicine developed in recent ten years. Its mission is to protect the safety of maternal fetuses and newborns, promote the normal growth and development of prenatal and fetus, reduce maternal and child mortality and the incidence of handicapped children, and improve the national health quality. Perinatal medicine has been beyond the scope of obstetrics pediatrics, involving human reproductive, endocrine, genetic, immune, biochemical, pharmacology, anesthesia and other science. The foreign countries attach great importance to perinatal care and regard perinatal (perinatal) mortality as one of the hallmarks of a country or region in terms of economic status, culture, education and medical care. In my country