目的近年来我国载人航天事业发展迅速,载人航天飞行实践次数逐渐增加,极大地推动了航天医学的发展。失重是航天员飞行过程中无法摆脱的不利因素,可以引起机体广泛的生理变化,如体液头向分布、血容量变化、胃肠道功能紊乱等,这些改变或可引起药物在机体内的药物动力学变化,进而影响药物的疗效或产生毒性。目前美国航天局的航天用药仍以地面用药规律为指导,这或会导致航天员用药不安全问题。国内外微重力条件下药动学的研究较为少见,且由于实际飞行次数的限制,相关研究大多通过地面模拟实验来实现。方法结合国内外失重药物动力学的研究进展以及本课题组的相关研究,围绕吸收、分布、代谢、排泄四个过程进行综述。结果与结论总结了失重条件下药动学过程的改变规律,以期为载人航天中的药物应用提供更多基础知识和实验数据。 Objectives The rapid development of manned space undertakings in recent years has led to an increase in the number of manned space flight practices, greatly promoting the development of space medicine. Weightlessness is an unfavorable factor that an astronaut can not get rid of during flight. It can cause a wide range of physiological changes in the body, such as head-to-body fluid distribution, changes in blood volume, gastrointestinal disorders, etc. These changes can cause drug dynamics in the body Learning changes, and then affect the efficacy of drugs or toxic. At present, NASA’s space medicine is still guided by the law of ground medicine, which may lead to astronaut medication unsafe problems. The research on pharmacokinetics under microgravity at home and abroad is relatively rare, and due to the limited number of actual flights, most of the related researches are realized by ground simulation experiments. Methods Based on the research progress of weightlessness pharmacokinetics both at home and abroad and the related research of this group, the four processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion were reviewed. Results and Conclusion The changes of pharmacokinetics under weightlessness were summarized in order to provide more basic knowledge and experimental data for the application of drugs in manned space flight.