目的　探讨兔对人巨细胞病毒 (Humancytomegalovirus,HCMV)AD16 9毒株 (静脉途径接种 )的敏感性。方法　将HCMVAD16 9接种于体外培养的兔胚肺 (Rabbitembryolung ,REL)细胞 ,观察病变 ,免疫组化检测病毒抗原 ,电镜观查细胞内病毒颗粒。 30只新西兰兔分别静脉途径接种 1万个TCID5 0、10 0个TCID5 0、灭活HCMVAD16 9,观察动物发病情况、组织病理学变化和病毒DNA。结果　REL细胞在接种病毒后 16h与HEL细胞同步开始出现细胞病变 ,免疫组化在接种病毒 16h的细胞内查到HCMV特异抗原 ,在接种病毒 36h的细胞核、浆内查到病毒颗粒。动物在接种病毒后 7d出现病态表现 ,病情与接种量呈正相关。尸体解剖发现受累器官广泛 ,在多种组织细胞内可以查到HCMV基因。结论　HCMVAD16 9株在体外REL细胞中进行病毒复制。静脉途径接种HCMVAD16 9株可以感染家兔 ,通过控制病毒接种量可获得不同感染程度的模型 Objective To investigate the sensitivity of rabbit to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) AD16 9 (intravenous route of vaccination). Methods HCMVAD16 9 cells were inoculated into Rabbit embryo lung (Rab) cells in vitro to observe the pathological changes. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the virus antigens. The virus particles were observed under electron microscope. Thirty New Zealand rabbits were inoculated intravenously with 10 000 TCID50, 10 0 TCID50 and HCMVAD16 9 respectively. The animals were observed for pathological changes, histopathological changes and viral DNA. Results The cells of REL cells began to appear cytopathic effect at 16h after inoculation with virus. HCMV specific antigen was detected in 16h after inoculation of virus by immunohistochemistry, and the virus particles were detected in the plasma of the inoculated virus for 36h. Seven days after inoculation, the animals showed pathological appearance, and the disease was positively correlated with inoculum size. The autopsy revealed a wide range of organs involved and HCMV genes were found in many tissues and cells. Conclusion Nine strains of HCMVAD16 were replicated in vitro in REL cells. Inoculation of 9 HCMVAD16 strains by intravenous route can infect rabbits, and different infection levels can be obtained by controlling the virus inoculation amount