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组织蛋白酶L属于木瓜蛋白酶家族中的半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶,以酶原的形式贮存于溶酶体中。在正常情况下,被其他的蛋白水解酶水解或自身激活,参与许多特殊的生理过程,如激素原的激活、抗原呈递、组织器官的发育等。但在病理状态下,大量组织蛋白酶L释放到胞质或组织间隙,并被激活,可降解细胞成分或细胞间质基质成分,参与肿瘤的浸润与转移、关节炎、骨质疏松等慢性炎症性疾病的发生发展过程。近年来的研究发现,在与心血管疾病密切相关的内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞以及巨噬细胞中均有表达,提示组织蛋白酶L在心血管疾病中也起着非常重要的作用。
Cathepsin L belongs to the cysteine protease in the papain family and is stored as a zymogen in lysosomes. Under normal circumstances, by other proteolytic enzymes hydrolysis or self-activation, involved in many special physiological processes, such as the pro-hormone activation, antigen presentation, the development of tissues and organs. However, in the pathological state, a large number of cathepsin L is released into the cytoplasm or interstitial space and is activated, which can degrade cell components or stromal matrix components, participate in tumor infiltration and metastasis, and chronic inflammation such as arthritis and osteoporosis Disease occurrence and development process. Recent studies have found that in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and macrophages that are closely related to cardiovascular diseases, cathepsin L also plays a very important role in cardiovascular diseases.