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随着暖冬年份增多,中、高产田小麦旺长带来的种种问题严重影响了小麦产量的进一步提高。因此,控制小麦旺长,防止小麦倒伏是小麦高产的一项关键措施。现提出几项控制措施。 1.造成小麦旺长的原因 (1)播期过早,冬前生长发育过快。10月1日前播种小麦,因暖冬年份冬前大于0℃积温达到850℃以上,超出小麦所需冬前适宜积温近200℃左右,造成旺长,叶片超长超宽,主茎叶龄达到7～8片,主茎和部分一级分蘖冬前幼穗分化已进入二棱期。 (2)播量过多,群体过大。不合理密植是造成小麦旺长的主要原因。小麦单位面积产量取决于每亩穗数、穗粒数、千粒重的乘积。单方面强调每亩穗数,加大播种量,基本苗过多,在高肥水条件下,叶蘖生长旺盛,分蘖多,群体容易失控,造成群体过大,通风透光不良,形不成强大根系,茎节生长细长,壁薄秆软,茎
With the increase of warm winter years, the problems brought by the long and medium-high-yield wheat fields severely affected the further increase of wheat yield. Therefore, the control of wheat flourishing to prevent wheat lodging is a key measure of high yield of wheat. Several control measures are now proposed. 1. cause of the reasons for the flourishing wheat (1) sowing too early, premature growth and development too fast. October 1 before sowing wheat, because the warm winter year before winter is greater than 0 ℃ accumulated temperature reached 850 ℃, beyond the winter required before winter accumulation of nearly 200 ℃, resulting in flourishing, long and wide leaves, the main stem leaf age reached 7 ~ 8, the main stem and part of the first tillering panicle differentiation has entered the second phase. (2) sowing too much, the crowd is too large. Irrational planting is the main reason for the flourishing of wheat. Wheat yield per unit area depends on the number of spikes per acre, grains per spike, thousand kernel weight product. Unilateral emphasis on the number of spike per acre, increase seeding, the basic seedlings too much, under high fertilizer and water conditions, the growth of leaf tiller, more tillers, groups easily out of control, resulting in groups too large, poor ventilation and ventilation, can not form a strong root system Slender stem growth, wall thin stalk soft, stems