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鲍德里亚虽主要以一套仿象、内爆、超现实的理论闻名于世,但其真正基础却是他在成为明星学者之前提出的一套社会理论。鲍氏社会理论实为一种结构主义和后结构主义化的另类批判理论。它属于批判理论,因为它像法兰克福学派的批判理论一样,立足于以彻底否定的态度分析当代西方社会;它不同于法兰克福学派的地方在于它先后采用结构主义和后结构主义作为基本分析武器。在马克思主义阶段,鲍氏用结构主义把现代社会界定为符号化社会,即由等级性差异系统支配的社会。在后马克思主义阶段,鲍氏用后结构主义进一步把现代社会分为确定性阶段和不确定性阶段,强调资本主义最新阶段的特点是“能指的解放”、“能指的游戏”。
Although Baudrillard is known primarily for its set of imitation, implosion and surreal theories, his real foundation is a set of social theories that he proposed before he became a celebrity scholar. Bao’s social theory is actually an alternative critical theory of structuralism and post-structuralism. It belongs to critical theory because it, like the critical theories of the Frankfurt School, bases itself on a radical analysis of contemporary Western society in a totally negative way; unlike the Frankfurt School, it uses structuralism and post-structuralism as its basic analytical arsenals. In the stage of Marxism, Bao uses structuralism to define the modern society as a symbolic society, that is, a society dominated by a system of hierarchical differences. In the post-Marxist phase, Bowei uses post-structuralism to further divide the modern society into stages of certainty and indefiniteness. He emphasizes that the most recent phase of capitalism is characterized by “liberation” and “ ”.