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作为生产关系的资本本质,是资本同劳动的对立关系。这种关系在辩证运动的条件下表现为劳动向资本的转化,即资本的增殖过程。在资本主义发展的不同历史阶段,资本增殖运动的主要表现形式或是实现条件并不完全一样,从而表现出了资本的又一种运动形式,即资本的历史运动。资本的历史运动与资本主义发展的历史长波具有大致的历史重合性。资本主义运动的两种形态变化分别对应了资本主义的上升时期和下降时期。这为我们认识当代资本主义提供了重要的研究范式。
The essence of capital as a productive relationship is the antagonistic relationship between capital and labor. Under the conditions of dialectical movement, this relationship is manifested in the transformation of labor into capital, that is, the process of capital proliferation. In the different historical stages of the development of capitalism, the main manifestations or conditions of the capital proliferation movement are not exactly the same, thus showing yet another form of movement of capital, the historical movement of capital. The historical wave of capital and the long wave of capitalist development have roughly historical coincidence. The two morphological changes of the capitalist movement correspond to the rise and fall of capitalism. This provides an important research paradigm for our understanding of contemporary capitalism.