骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)是一组造血干细胞获得性恶性克隆性疾病,原发性的病因不明,继发性的病因多与接触苯、放射线或化疗药物有关,病史易获取,不易误诊。而由恶性肿瘤继发MDS不多见,易为临床医生所忽视,尤其是老年病人肿瘤所致症状不明显时,医生难以获取相应病史,极易导致临 Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a group of hematopoietic stem cell-acquired malignant clonal diseases. The etiology of the primary disease is unknown. The secondary causes are related to the exposure to benzene, radiation or chemotherapeutic drugs. The medical history is easy to obtain and is not easily misdiagnosed. And secondary to malignant tumor MDS rare, easily ignored by clinicians, especially when the symptoms caused by cancer in elderly patients is not obvious, the doctor difficult to obtain the corresponding history, can easily lead to