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目的了解延安市学龄儿童身高分布特点,为当地儿童健康发展提供参考。方法整群抽样延安市城区和郊区各3所小学,测量儿童身高,分析身高的年龄、性别、城郊分布特点,并与2005年中国9市儿童体格调查数据进行比较,计算矮小症患病率。结果延安市7~13岁儿童身高均随年龄的增长而增加,各年龄段平均身高与2005年中国九市儿童标准相比,存在一定差异,随着年龄增大差距有增大趋势(P<0.05);8岁之前及12岁之后,城区男生身高明显高于女生;9岁之前郊区男生身高高于女生;城区男生10岁以后身高明显高于郊区男生;9~11岁城区女生身高显著高于郊区女生;延安市7~13岁儿童矮小症粗患病率为9.57%,郊区高于城区(P<0.05)。结论延安市7~13岁儿童身高普遍落后于全国平均水平,矮小症粗患病率达9.57%,郊区高于城区。
Objective To understand the height distribution characteristics of school-age children in Yan’an and provide reference for the healthy development of local children. Methods A total of 3 elementary schools in Yan’an city and suburban areas were sampled by cluster sampling to measure the height of children and analyze the age, sex and suburban distribution of height. The data were compared with the data of 9 Chinese children’s physical survey in 2005 to calculate the prevalence of short stature. Results The height of children aged 7 ~ 13 in Yan’an City increased with the increase of age. The average height of each age group was different from that of children in nine cities of China in 2005, with the increasing of the age increasing (P < 0.05). Before the age of 8 and 12 years old, the height of boys in urban areas was significantly higher than that of girls. Before the age of 9, the height of boys in suburbs was higher than that of girls. The height of boys in urban areas was significantly higher than that of suburbs boys after 10 years old. In suburban girls, the prevalence of short stature in children aged 7 ~ 13 in Yan’an City was 9.57%, which was higher in suburbs than in urban areas (P <0.05). Conclusion The height of 7-13-year-old children in Yan’an generally lagged behind the national average, and the prevalence of short stature was 9.57%. The suburbs were higher than the urban areas.