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HLA-G属非经典的MHC-I类分子,具有限制性的组织分布及有限的多态性,主要表达于绒毛膜外细胞滋养层细胞及某些肿瘤细胞,与免疫耐受关系密切。在正常妊娠、移植后移植物存活时间长者及恶性肿瘤Th1/Th2型细胞因子平衡向Th2漂移,而异常妊娠、移植后移植物存活时间短及良性肿瘤则向Th1漂移。已有大量研究证实,HLA-G的表达与Th1/Th2型细胞因子平衡向Th2偏离关系密切,但其确切关系及机制以及HLA-G是否能诱导免疫耐受仍有待进一步的研究。
HLA-G is a non-classical MHC-I molecule with limited tissue distribution and limited polymorphism. It is mainly expressed in choriocarcinoma cells and some tumor cells, which is closely related to immune tolerance. In normal pregnancy, the graft survival time after transplantation and Th1 / Th2 cytokine balance of malignant tumor shift to Th2, and abnormal pregnancy, graft survival time after transplantation and benign tumors to Th1 drift. A large number of studies have confirmed that HLA-G expression and Th1 / Th2 type cytokine balance to Th2 deviation closely related, but the exact relationship and mechanism and whether HLA-G can induce immune tolerance remains to be further studied.