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美国反托拉斯法在医疗行业的适用经历了从适用除外到普遍适用的过程。20世纪初期,医疗行业作为“有学问”的职业而被排除在反托拉斯法的实施范围以外,随着科技的发展,医疗行业的巨大变化对反托拉斯执法提出了挑战,反托拉斯法开始在医疗行业普遍适用。医疗机构合并、医生网络和医疗保险对医疗行业竞争的影响等问题使得反托拉斯执法面临巨大的挑战。对医疗行业的反托拉斯执法进行检讨和加强,已成为美国反托拉斯法实施的重点。
The application of U.S. anti-trust law in the medical industry has undergone a process ranging from the application of exclusion to universal application. In the early 20th century, the medical industry was excluded from the implementation of antitrust laws as a “learned” profession. With the development of science and technology, the tremendous changes in the medical industry posed a challenge to antitrust enforcement and the antitrust law started Generally applicable in the medical industry. Antitrust law enforcement faces enormous challenges due to such issues as the merger of medical institutions, the impact of physician networks and health insurance on competition in the healthcare industry. The review and enforcement of the antitrust law enforcement in the medical industry has become the focus of the U.S. antitrust law enforcement.