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目的掌握新疆维吾尔自治区额敏县包虫病流行现状,为评价现有防治措施提供依据。方法对额敏县2007 2013年包虫病防治监测数据进行整理分析。结果截至2013年底,全县人群筛查169 348人次,查出包虫病患者773例,其中泡型包虫病患者4例,推算额敏县包虫病患病率为0.45%。共检测6~12岁儿童血清样本12 510份,其中阳性样本339份,儿童血清抗体阳性率由2008年的7.14%下降为2013年的0.40%,呈逐年下降趋势(χ2趋势=200.5,P<0.001)。共检测犬粪样本11 767份,其中阳性样本216份,犬粪抗原阳性率由2008年的4.34%下降为2013年的0.63%,呈逐年下降趋势(χ2趋势=68.83,P<0.001)。共检查羊17 215只,其中患病390只,中间宿主羊的患病率由2007年的6.56%下降到2013年的2.02%,呈总体下降趋势(χ2趋势=59.79,P<0.001)。结论包虫病综合防治措施能有效降低当地终末宿主犬的棘球绦虫感染率,进而降低儿童血清抗体阳性率和中间宿主羊的患病率。
Objective To understand the epidemiological status of echinococcosis in Eminon Autonomous Region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and to provide basis for evaluating the existing control measures. Methods The data of Ehime Disease Prevention and Control in Emin County in 2007 and 2013 were analyzed. Results By the end of 2013, a total of 169 348 people were enrolled in the whole county, 773 hydatid disease patients were found, of which 4 were hydatid cyst, and the prevalence of hydatid disease was 0.45%. A total of 12 510 serum samples from 6 to 12 years old were detected, including 339 positive samples. The positive rate of serum antibody in children decreased from 7.14% in 2008 to 0.40% in 2013, showing a declining trend year by year (χ2 trend = 200.5, P < 0.001). A total of 11 767 samples of canine faeces were detected, including 216 positive samples. The positive rate of canine antigen decreased from 4.34% in 2008 to 0.63% in 2013, showing a declining trend year by year (χ2 = 68.83, P <0.001). A total of 17 215 sheep were examined, of which 390 were affected. The prevalence of intermediate host sheep decreased from 6.56% in 2007 to 2.02% in 2013, showing an overall downward trend (χ2 trend = 59.79, P <0.001). Conclusion The comprehensive prevention and treatment of echinococcosis can effectively reduce the infection rate of Echinococcus terminalis in local end-use dogs, and then reduce the positive rate of serum antibody in children and the prevalence of intermediate host sheep.