本文评述了我国不同运输方式间分工的现状。以世界上其它几个国家交通运输业发展的历史进程为借鉴,笔者认为我国铁路运输的黄金时代即将结束,而应当采取积极措施迎接汽车时代的到来;与此同时,也要充分发挥我国的水运优势。在当前改革、开放的形势下,尤其应当审慎地制定经济合理的交通运输综合方案。 This article reviews the status quo of division of labor between different modes of transport in China. Taking the historical development of transportation in other countries in the world as a reference, I think the golden age of railway transportation in China is coming to an end. Instead, we should take active measures to meet the automobile age. At the same time, we should give full play to China’s water transport Advantage. Under the current situation of reform and opening up, in particular, a comprehensive and cost-effective comprehensive transportation plan should be carefully formulated.