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目的对于不同清洗方法之后的术前皮肤消毒效果进行比较研究,以证明术前抗菌沐浴的必要性。方法从动物实验、皮肤现场实验、临床观察统计3个方面对3种清洗方法进行比较分析。结果使用抗菌皂液进行清洗后再消毒对于普通皮肤表面细菌和致病菌的杀灭效果对比使用肥皂水清洗组和清水冲洗组均有明显的提高。动物模拟手术实验中,抗菌皂液清洗组术后愈合过程中无感染,手术伤口均正常愈合,未出现不良反应,其他两组均有少量感染现象。人体皮肤模拟现场实验中,使用肥皂水清洗和使用抗菌皂液清洗后消毒效果均好于仅使用清水清洗后消毒的效果,抗菌皂液清洗后5h对皮肤表面细菌仍然有作用,且消毒效果最好。临床观察表明,实施术前抗菌沐浴后感染率稍有下降,由3.8%下降至0.9%。结论术前抗菌沐浴可以提高术前皮肤消毒的效果,是一种简单经济易行的降低手术部位感染率的方法。
Objective To compare the pre-dermal disinfection effect after different cleaning methods to prove the necessity of preoperative antibacterial bathing. Methods Three kinds of cleaning methods were comparatively analyzed from three aspects: animal experiment, skin field experiment and clinical observation and statistics. Results Antibacterial soap solution after disinfection for ordinary skin surface bacteria and pathogenic bacteria killing effect compared with the soapy water cleaning group and water flushing group were significantly improved. Animal simulation surgery experiments, antibacterial soap liquid cleaning group postoperative healing without infection, the wounds were normal healing, no adverse reactions, the other two groups have a small number of infections. Human skin simulation field experiments, the use of soapy water and antibacterial soap liquid cleaning after disinfection were better than the effect of disinfection with water cleaning only, antibacterial soap 5h after cleaning the skin surface bacteria still have an effect, and the most effective disinfection it is good. Clinical observations show that the preoperative antibacterial bath infection rate decreased slightly from 3.8% to 0.9%. Conclusion Preoperative antibacterial bathing can improve preoperative skin disinfection, is a simple and economical method to reduce the infection rate of the surgical site.