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对宁夏引进10a的19株黑核桃从果实丰产性状、外观品质和营养品质3方面开展调查,对高产优树果实的各外观品质及营养品质进行相关分析。综合单株产量及单位树冠投影面积产仁量两项指标的调查结果,获得丰产性状较好的优树7株;主要外观品质分析表明,7株优树单果质量变幅为6.9～26.1g,核仁质量变幅为1.4～4.6g,壳厚变幅为0.1～0.4cm,出仁率变幅为17.7%～27.4%;其中单果质量与核仁质量呈极显著相关,与壳厚呈显著相关。营养品质分析表明,7株优树总脂肪质量分数变幅为51.2%～58.4%,总蛋白质量分数变幅为5.9%～11.7%,脂肪酸组分中不饱和脂肪酸(油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸)质量分数以A6最高,达87.45%;饱和脂肪酸(棕榈酸、硬脂酸)质量分数以W5最高,达到40.36%。其中总蛋白与油酸、棕榈酸与硬脂酸呈显著负相关,其他各营养成分间无明显相关性。A6、L24、L323株优树具有选育为高油品种的潜力。
Nineteen black walnuts introduced from Ningxia were surveyed from the aspects of fruit yield, appearance quality and nutritional quality. The correlation analysis was made between appearance quality and nutritional quality of high yield and excellent tree fruits. According to the survey results of two indicators of per unit area yield per unit area yield and canopy crown yield, 7 superior trees with good yield traits were obtained. The main appearance quality analysis showed that the fruit quality of 7 elite trees varied from 6.9 to 26.1g, The kernel quality ranged from 1.4 to 4.6 g, the shell thickness ranged from 0.1 to 0.4 cm, and the kernel rate ranged from 17.7% to 27.4%. The quality of single kernel was significantly correlated with kernel quality, Related. Nutritional quality analysis showed that the total fat mass fraction of seven tree species varied from 51.2% to 58.4%, and the total protein content ranged from 5.9% to 11.7%. The contents of unsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid, Linolenic acid) the highest mass fraction of A6, up to 87.45%; saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid, stearic acid) mass fraction W5 highest, reaching 40.36%. There was a significant negative correlation between total protein and oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid, but no significant correlation between other nutrients. A6, L24, L323 trees have the potential of breeding high oil varieties.