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从我省的五个县二个区的蚕豆种子上分离到燕麦镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌、串珠镰刀菌、拟枝孢镰刀菌、禾谷镰刀菌、木贼镰刀菌和其他一些真菌。种子带菌率各地不同,安宁县1984和1985两年平均带菌率为13.9％,其余地区的带菌率在3—4％之间。从种壳和子叶两部分分离的结果表明种子带菌部位主要在种子表面。使用从种子上分离到的镰刀菌(Fusarium avenaceum,F.oxysporum和F.moniliforme)的孢子分别接种到健康无菌的蚕豆种子上,模拟种子带菌,然后在温室栽培实验,结果都能导致蚕豆苗期发病。由于蚕豆种子带菌是苗期根病的初侵染来源之一,故播种前进行种子消毒处理应成为综合防治的一个环节。
Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium solani, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium equisetifolia and some other fungi were isolated from the broad bean seeds in two districts of five counties of our province. The rates of seed-borne germination were different in different places. The average carrying rate of Anxin County in 1984 and 1985 was 13.9%, while that in other areas was between 3-4%. The results of separation from seed shell and cotyledon show that the seed-bearing sites of seeds are mainly on the seed surface. Inoculation of spores of Fusarium avenaceum, F. oxysporum and F. moniliforme separated from seeds to healthy and sterile broad bean seeds, respectively, to simulate seed-borne germination and subsequent cultivation experiments in greenhouses resulted in broad bean sprouts Period of onset. Since broad bean seed germination is one of the primary sources of infection at the seedling stage, it is suggested that the seed disinfection before sowing should be a part of comprehensive prevention and control.