米芾与苏黄蔡三家交游考略

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有宋书学以苏黄米蔡号称四家。后世对于“蔡”为何人,尚有襄、京两种观点未能统一。愚以为,蔡京名列大奸,书迹耻为世藏,今日所能寓目已如星凤,若就仅见者与蔡襄相比,或许相形见绌,然而对于一种时代风气的蔚然形成,君谟是否起到导夫先路的作用,似乎还很难肯定。宋代“尚意”书风的勃然飙举,是在神、哲、徽宗三朝,而苏轼(一○三七——一一○一)、黄庭坚(一○四五——一一○五)、米芾(一○五一——一一○七)、蔡京(一○四七——一一二六)的主要活动,就是在这三朝之内。因此,我倒比较倾向于蔡京之说。苏黄米蔡四人尽管出处不同,归宿有殊,但其书法就宏观而言,风格接近。四人之中,苏黄蔡皆以余事临池,他们的精力和兴趣,更多地放在立事和立言之上。只有米芾,似乎在现代观念上才能堪称纯粹的书家。虽然他也漫仕干禄,也吟诗作画,但毕竟“一日不书便觉思涩”的坦诚自白决定了寝馈于斯的属类性质。鉴于元章的这一特殊身份,那么以他为辐射源,对他与其它三家的交往过从作一番考察,无论于宋代书法史的研究还是掌故轶闻的 There are four books called Suhuangmi Cai song school. Later generations for “Cai ” why people, there Xiang, Beijing failed to unify two kinds of views. Stupid thought, Cai Jing ranked big rape, shame for the world possession of books, today can look like Star Fung, if only to see and Cai Xiang, may dwarf, however, for a time the atmosphere of the formation of popularity, Jun Mo Whether or not it serves as a guide to lead the way seems to be hard to be sure. The surge of book style in the Song Dynasty “Shang Yi” was based on the three divinities of God, Philosophy and Huizong while Su Shi (10370 - 110), Huang Tingjian (1045 - 1105 ), Mi 芾 (1051-107) and Cai Jing (1047-1212) are the main activities of these three dynasties. Therefore, I’d rather prefer Cai Jingzhi. Su Huangmei Cai four despite different sources, the end result is different, but its calligraphy macro, the style is close. Among the four, Su Huang and Cai all use their spare time to pool their energies and interests more on the basis of standing and acting on their own. Only m 芾, it seems that in the modern concept can be called a pure book. Although he is also a wise man, he also paints and poems, but after all, “frank confession of one day without thinking ” frank confession decided Bednorth fed genus nature. In view of this special status of the meta-chapter, he made a study of his contacts with the other three, taking into account his research on the history of calligraphy as anecdotal evidence
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