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目的探讨鼻息肉的遗传方式以及遗传因素在鼻息肉发病中的影响。方法采用遗传流行病学病例对照研究方法,对120例鼻息肉先证者家系和160例对照家系的鼻息肉患病情况进行研究,就其分离比(Li-Mantel-Gart 法)、患病率、遗传度(Falconer 法)进行分析。结果鼻息肉的分离比为0.124,95%可信限为0.081～0.167。先证者Ⅰ、Ⅱ级亲属鼻息肉的患病率分别是8.571%和3.086%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(x~2=24.851,P<0.01),二者分别与对照组Ⅰ、Ⅱ级亲属相应患病率1.376%和1.141%比较,差异有统计学意义(x~2=33.547和14.274,P 值均<0.01)。鼻息肉先证者Ⅰ、Ⅱ级亲属遗传度分别为64.488%和61.947%。在先证者Ⅰ级亲属中,成年人和未成年人鼻息肉遗传度分别为60.735%和74.598%,差异有统计学意义(x~2=4.504,P<0.05);复发组和初发组遗传度分别是74.304%和62.839%,差异有统计学意义(x~2=4.105,P<0.05)。结论鼻息肉符合多基因遗传的特点;遗传因素在鼻息肉发病中起重要作用,其中末成年人患者和复发的鼻息肉患者受遗传因素的影响更大。
Objective To investigate the genetic mode of nasal polyps and the influence of genetic factors on the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Methods A case-control study of genetic epidemiology was used to investigate the prevalence of nasal polyps in 120 cases of proband family members and 160 cases of controls. The Li-Mantel-Gart method, prevalence rate , Genetic (Falconer method) for analysis. Results The separation ratio of nasal polyps was 0.124, and the 95% confidence interval was 0.081 ~ 0.167. The prevalence of nasal polyps in probands with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ relatives was 8.571% and 3.086% respectively, with significant difference between the two groups (x ~ 2 = 24.851, P <0.01) The corresponding prevalence of second-degree relatives was 1.376% and 1.141%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (x ~ 2 = 33.547 and 14.274, P <0.01). The heritabilities of first and second degree relatives of nasal polyps were 64.488% and 61.947% respectively. In the first-degree relatives of proband, the heritability of nasal polyps in adults and minors was 60.735% and 74.598%, respectively, with significant difference (x ~ 2 = 4.504, P <0.05) The heritability was 74.304% and 62.839% respectively, with significant difference (x ~ 2 = 4.105, P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Nasal polyps are characterized by polygenic inheritance. Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Among them, the final adult patients and patients with recurrent nasal polyps are more affected by genetic factors.