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小儿,特别是新生儿和婴儿,由于体内组织器官在形态及功能上尚未成熟,对药物的代谢、吸收、分布、解毒和排泄机能都未完善。例如经口服的药物多数情况下吸收不良;注射的药物因解毒及排泄功能低,容易引起药物中毒等等。一、药物对胎儿的影响母体使用肾上腺皮质类固醇而促使合成胎儿肺的表面活性物质,对此有好坏作用有不同的评价。虽母体应用药物的影响由种类不同而异,但一般认为多少可以进入胎儿。当然胎儿期是形成主要器官及组织的时期,如
Children, especially newborns and infants, are not perfect in terms of metabolism, absorption, distribution, detoxification and excretion of drugs due to the immature morphology and function of tissues and organs in the body. For example, oral administration of drugs in most cases malabsorption; injection of drugs due to detoxification and excretion of low function, easily lead to drug poisoning and so on. First, the impact of drugs on the fetus Maternal use of adrenal corticosteroids to promote the synthesis of fetal lung surfactant, which have different effects on the effectiveness of different evaluation. Although the impact of maternal application of drugs varies by species, it is generally considered as much as possible to enter the fetus. Of course, the fetus is the formation of major organs and tissues of the period, such as