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目的对成人支气管长度、管径以及夹角进行解剖学观察,为纤维支气管镜检查等临床操作提供形态学基础。方法在50例成人尸体标本上进行支气管树的局部解剖,使用游标卡尺等工具测量支气管的直径、长度和角度及拍摄照片,记录数据。结果左主支气管的长度:男性(4.96±0.51)cm,女性(4.60±0.50)cm;右主支气管的长度:男性(2.23±0.36)cm,女性(2.09±0.4)cm;左主支气管直径:男性(1.49±0.21)cm,女性(1.37±0.18)cm;右主支气管直径;男性(1.36±0.19)cm,女性(1.25±0.20)cm;右主支气管与上叶支气管的夹角平均值:男性53.04°±8.90°,女性54.09°±11.27°;右支气管与下叶支气管的夹角平均值:男性31.07°±10.60°,女性37.80°±8.12°;左主支气管与上叶支气管的夹角平均值:男性59.63°±12.50°,女性66.37°±12.04°;左支气管与中间支气管的夹角平均值:男性15.30°±9.21°,女性18.10°±8.24°。结论利用支气管解剖学相关长度、直径以及角度,为相关纤维支气管镜等临床技能操作提供参考依据。
OBJECTIVE: To anatomize the length, diameter and angle of adult bronchi, providing the morphological basis for clinical operation such as fibrobronchoscopy. Methods Local anatomy of the bronchial tree was performed on 50 adult cadaver specimens. Bronchial diameter, length and angle were measured using a vernier caliper and the like, and photographs were taken to record the data. Results The length of the left main bronchus was 4.96 ± 0.51 cm in male and 4.60 ± 0.50 cm in female. The length of right main bronchus was 2.23 ± 0.36 cm in male and 2.09 ± 0.4 cm in female. The diameter of left main bronchus was (1.49 ± 0.21) cm in females (1.37 ± 0.18) cm in females and 1.36 ± 0.19 cm in females (1.25 ± 0.20) cm in females (1.36 ± 0.19) cm. The average angle between the right main bronchus and the upper bronchus was 53.04 ° ± 8.90 ° for males and 54.09 ° ± 11.27 ° for females. The average angle between the right bronchus and the lower lobe bronchi is 31.07 ° ± 10.60 ° for males and 37.80 ° ± 8.12 ° for females. The angle between left main bronchus and upper bronchus The mean values were 59.63 ° ± 12.50 ° for males and 66.37 ° ± 12.04 ° for females. The mean included angle between left bronchus and middle bronchus was 15.30 ° ± 9.21 ° for males and 18.10 ° ± 8.24 ° for females. Conclusion The use of bronchial anatomy-related length, diameter and angle for the relevant clinical bronchoscopy operation skills provide a reference.