目的探讨直肠黏膜下肿物的病因、病变起源及超声内镜影像学特征。方法直肠黏膜下肿物94例行超声内镜检查,明确诊断。结果 94例直肠黏膜下肿物中,类癌76例,平滑肌瘤3例,脂肪瘤2例,囊肿11例,颗粒细胞瘤1例,骨化组织及钙化物1例(5处病灶)。结论超声内镜检查可准确诊断及鉴别直肠黏膜下肿物。 Objective To investigate the etiology, origin of lesions and the characteristics of endoscopic ultrasonography in rectal mucosal masses. Methods 94 cases of rectal mucosal tumor underwent ultrasound endoscopy, a clear diagnosis. Results Among the 94 patients with rectal mucosa, 76 were carcinoid, 3 were leiomyoma, 2 were lipoma, 11 were cysts, 1 were granular cells and 1 was calcified ossification and calcification (5 lesions). Conclusion Ultrasound endoscopy can accurately diagnose and identify rectal mucosal tumor.